It's kind of thunderingly obvious, a meaningless academic observation especially with that equivocal "May" stuck in there. Hard to believe people actually get grant money to come up with pointless shit like this.
Any assertion of strength or supremacy in any field of endeavor has its roots in a challenge or possible challenge, and hence either insecurity (in a sense) about a possible rival, or as a response to an actual rival's challenging action. Humans being social creatures in both peace and conflict, it has the entirely-valid functions of both rallying one's own side and demoralizing the rival by demonstrating that your group is going to make them pay for it.