Two kinds/tribes of men live on an island: red men and blue men. Red men always tell the truth; blue men always lie. Both kind of men always answer the question they're asked in some form, that is, if you ask them if a fruit is good to eat, they don't suddenly go into a non-sequitur discourse about their family histories.
One day, there's a terrible storm, driving rain and high, howling, wind, and a ship needs to find a safe port on the island to come to. Visibility is near zero. The captain and people on the ship are of the usual sort: white, black, Asian, etc. I.e., not red or blue people. The captain knows who lives on the island, and that red men always tell the truth, and blue men always lie. So it's REALLY important to find out their colors before he relies on their directions.
He sees, indistinctly through the pouring rain, 3 people standing on a near beach, watching his ship as it comes close to foundering.
The captain calls out, "what color are you?"
One man answers, but the wind is very loud, and the captain can't hear what he said.
The second man answers, and he shouts loud enough to be heard: "He [meaning the first man], said he's red, and he is red, and I'm red too."
The third man answers, and he says, also very loud, so the captain can hear him, "Nothing doing. They're blue, and I'M red."
What are the colors of the three men, and how did you arrive at your conclusions?
