My understanding is mark-to-market is what led to the greater losses because of how the toxic assets have to be reported since Enron. My simplistic understanding is under the old pre-Enron rules, a toxic asset might have no value today but 5 years down the line it could be profitable but under the post-Enron rules the assets have to be reported under their current market value. If the economy is doing well, the post-Enron rules don't hurt as much but once the housing bubble burst those assets became instantly worthless and caused the balance sheets of the financial institutions that hold them to crater which caused a huge sell off of their stocks which led to a devaluing of people's 401K's.
Other than changing the accounting rules, eliminating the capital gains tax for a while could get money flowing into the market again but right now we have seen fit to elect the exact people who hate tax cuts into office.
Well, yea, that is how I understand them also. If I were going to invest in a bank wouldn't you want to know what the value of their holdings is? If some of their assets are valued to fantasy or off the books then who can believe they are solvent. These institutions didn't even believe each other. This is the reason I understood that they did not loan money. They didn't have it to loan and they didn't trust those who they could loan to. What was given to them plugged a hole that keeps returning every quarter. Naturally, there is gonna be a sell off if you don't think there will be any payoff. I don't know what triggered the 401K's but they surely had these toxic assets mixed in their portfolios and lost based on that.
Until the toxic assets are dealt with we are just spinning wheels I believe and I don't believe Mark-to-Market should be changed. Rather than do that I would like to see those who promoted and dealt in the CDS and those bet (unregulated) instruments that were created and sold as AAA called what they really were. Deceptive and fraudulent and those responsible dealt with accordingly. Including the rating agencies.
This is where the real scandal lies IMO.