Also, the rooms upstairs had some sort of "window" above the doorway to each room, and using a metal rod, one could force these windows open, tilting them. What was up with that?
We had windows like that in one of the older schools I attended. The teacher would take a long pole off the wall hook and use it to open and close those windows. I think they were for cooling...the hot air would gather at the ceiling, and high windows would allow it to escape.
I have no clue about the boxes above the others, though.
In my house in NE, the north wind blew right through the north wall...one reason almost all of us had water beds...they were warm in winter and cool in summer.
I usually took clear plastic and wrapped the entire north wall, including the front door, held it all on with 1x2's and nails. It helped a lot.

Edit: corrected 1/2 to 1x2's