The Conservative Cave
Current Events => General Discussion => Topic started by: Godot showed up on April 27, 2010, 02:07:47 PM
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(http://www.consang.net/images/0/0e/Globalcolorsmall.jpg)
Well, anyone notice a pattern? These are mostly cosanguineous first cousin marriages.
It's a little hard to spot Israel on this map, in case you were wondering, but it gets, I think a light brown color. But most of the cousin-cousin inbreeding there isn't among Jewish Israelis:
J Med Genet 1997;34:1000-1002 doi:10.1136/jmg.34.12.1000
* Research Article
Effects of consanguineous marriage on reproductive outcome in an Arab community in Israel.
1. L Jaber,
2. P Merlob,
3. R Gabriel,
4. M Shohat
+ Author Affiliations
1.
Department of Pediatrics, Tulene Medical Center, Tulene University, New Orleans, USA.
Abstract
Intrafamilial marriage is favoured by the Arab community in Israel, almost all of whom live in villages populated by a few (< 20) founding families. A previous study in Taibe, a large Arab village located 30 km from Tel Aviv, showed a significantly high malformation rate among infants of consanguineous parents. The present study examines the reproductive consequences of parental consanguinity in 610 families from the same village, selected retrospectively through infants routinely seen in the local well baby clinic. All mothers were interviewed with regard to previous pregnancy outcomes, including abortions, stillbirths, and neonatal or infant deaths, as well as the degree of consanguinity. In addition, we analysed the anthropometric measurements of the probands. The incidence of infant deaths was significantly higher in the inbred group (p < 0.001). No significant increase in fetal loss between the inbred and outbred groups was observed. There were no differences in anthropometric features, except for a lower birth weight in the consanguineous group (p < 0.035). This study, combined with our previous studies of the same population, indicates a prominent public health problem associated with consanguineous marriage in the Arab community and a need for specific genetic counselling.
There are other studies; all show that, whatever inbreeding exists in Israel, is practically nil among Jewish Israelis, and high among Arab Israelis.
Cosanguineous marriages among Israeli Jews has dropped dramatically in the last 50 years, and even when largest, wasn't all that large:
http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0301446032000159255
Summary
Annals of Human Biology
2004, Vol. 31, No. 1, Pages 38-48 , DOI 10.1080/0301446032000159255
Consanguinity, intracommunity and intercommunity marriages in a population sample of Israeli Jews
T. Cohen‌†, R. Vardi-Saliternik‌†and Y. Friedlander‌‡
1Department of Human Genetics, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem
2The Hebrew University–Hadassah School of Public Health, Jerusalem, Israel
Correspondence: Tirza, Cohen, MD, Department of Human Genetics, Hadassah University Hospital, POB 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel tirza@cc.huji.ac.il
Background: Changes in the marriage patterns of Israeli Jews have been associated with the mass immigration of Jews from many countries over a relatively short period of time.
Aim: This study seeks to document consanguineous, intracommunity and intercommunity marriage patterns, and to observe the changes that have occurred over time, and in relation to the level of education and religiousness.
Subjects and methods: During 1990–1992, 4388 Jewish women were interviewed after delivery in maternity wards throughout Israel. Demographic information was received, with special emphasis on country of origin, community and consanguinity of the couples and their parents.
Results: The consanguinity rate among the couples was 2.3%, including 0.8% first cousin marriages, with the highest consanguinity rate among Eastern Jews (7.1%). The rate of intracommunity marriages was 64% (25% Ashkenazim, 22% Sephardim and 17% Eastern Jews). The rate of intercommunity marriages was lowest among Ashkenazim. It rose with the level of education and inversely to the degree of religiousness.
Conclusion: Over the past decades there has been a decline in consanguineous and intracommunity marriage rates and an increase in intercommunity marriages. Immigrant and ultraorthodox women tended to marry within the community as opposed to Israeli-born women and those with higher educational level who tended to intermarry with other communities as well.
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The point here, though, is that inbreeding, and in huge percentages, is common as dirt--and always has been--across the Arab world. Iran--not surprisingly--is in the "no data" column.
Which leads me to...
Consanguinity associated with increased risk for bipolar I disorder in Egypt
Hader Mansour 1 2, Lambertus Klei 1, Joel Wood 1, Michael Talkowski 1 3, Kodavali Chowdari 1, Warda Fathi 2, Ahmed Eissa 2, Amal Yassin 2, Hala Salah 2, Salwa Tobar 2, Hala El-Boraie 2, Hanan Gaafar 2, Mai Elassy 2, Nahed E. Ibrahim 1, Wafaa El-Bahaei 2, Mohamed Elsayed 2, Mohamed Shahda 2, Eman El Sheshtawy 2, Osama El-Boraie 2, Farha El-Chennawi 4, Bernie Devlin 1 3, Vishwajit L. Nimgaonkar 1 3 *
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
2Department of Psychiatry, Mansoura University School of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
3Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
4Department of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura University School of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
email: Vishwajit L. Nimgaonkar (nimga+@pitt.edu)
*Correspondence to Vishwajit L. Nimgaonkar, WPIC, Room. 441, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
How to Cite this Article: Mansour H, Klei L, Wood J, Talkowski M, Chowdari K, Fathi W, Eissa A, Yassin A, Salah H, Tobar S, El-Boraie H, Gaafar H, Elassy M, Ibrahim NE, El-Bahaei W, Elsayed M, Shahda M, El Sheshtawy E, El-Boraie O, El-Chennawi F, Devlin B, Nimgaonkar VL. 2009. Consanguinity Associated With Increased Risk for Bipolar I Disorder in Egypt. Am J Med Genet Part B 150B:879-885.
Funded by:
Fogarty International Center, National Institute of Health (FIC, NIH); Grant Number: MH 63420, TW006949, TW007997
Keywords
bipolar disorder • consanguinity • DNA • genetic • association • inbreeding
Abstract
We aimed to contrast rates of consanguinity among patients with bipolar I disorder (BP1) and controls in a population with customary consanguineous marriages (i.e., marriage between related individuals). Consanguinity increases risk for numerous monogenic and polygenic diseases. Whether the risk for BP1 increases with consanguinity has not been investigated systematically. Two independent studies were conducted in Egypt: (1) Case-control study 93 patients with BP1, 90 screened adult control individuals, and available parents. The inbreeding coefficient/consanguinity rate was estimated in two ways: using 64 DNA polymorphisms ( DNA-based rate); and from family history data ( self report); (2) Epidemiological survey: total of 1,584 individuals were screened, from whom self-reported consanguinity data were obtained for identified BP1 cases (n = 35) and 150 randomly selected, unaffected control individuals. DNA-based consanguinity rates showed significant case-control differences (P = 0.0039). Self-reported consanguinity rates were also elevated among BP1 patients in both samples (Study #1 OR = 2.66, 95% confidence intervals, CI: 1.34, 5.29; Study #2: OR = 4.64, 95% CI: 2.01, 10.34). In conclusion, two independent, systematic studies indicate increased consanguinity among Egyptian BP1 patients in the Nile delta region. Self-reported estimates of consanguinity are bolstered by DNA-based estimates, and both show significant case-control differences for BP1. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121640232/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
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Islam: Keep It in the Family
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Prior to our current spate of issues with the Islamic world, dating back to the relatively recent times of Jimmy the Idiot, the marriage laws that forbade first-cousin and other collateral relation marriages in the US were portrayed as anti-Semitic for prohibiting marriages sanctioned under Jewish religious law.
Just FYI.